2022年高考英语试卷（北京）（机考无听力）（解析卷）

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷)英语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One Monday morning,while the children were enjoying "free play",I stepped to the doorway of theclassroom to take a break.Suddenly,I 1 a movement of the heavy wooden door.This was the very door I2 guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.I felt a chill (go throughmy body.My legs carried me to that door,and I pushed it open.It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was3 that day.He had been dropped off at school late and was 4to open the door.He must have been waiting there for quite a while!Without a word,I rushed him to the hospital.He wastreated for frostbite on his hands.He'd need time to5,and wouldn't come for class the next day,IthoughtThe next morning,one of the first to 6 was my little frostbitten boy.Not only did he run in withenergy,but his 7could be heard as loud as ever!I gave him a warm hug and told him how8Iwas to see him.His words have stayed with me all these years,"I knew you would open the door."That cold Monday morning,he waited a long,long while for adults to 9.To a child,every minutefeels like forever.He didn't attempt to walk back home;he waited and trusted.This five-year-old taught me apowerful lesson in 101.A.causedB.spottedC.checkedD.imagined2.A.hesitantlyB.randomlyC.dizzilyD.carefully3.A.angryB.absentC.specialD.noisy4.A.courageousB.contentC.unableD.unwilling5.A.recoverB.playC.changeD.wait6.A.settleB.gatherC.arriveD.react第1页」共21页7A.sneezeB.weepC.complaintD.laughter8.A.luckyB.happyC.curiousD.nervous9.A.show upB.pull upC.hold upD.line up10.A.gratitudeB.forgivenessC.faithD.kindness【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开门，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A.caused引起、使发生：B.spotted看见、注意到：C.checked检查、核对：D.imagined想象。根据后面的“a movement of the heavy woodendoor.”可知，此处表示看到门动了下，spot符合语境。故选B项。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。Ahesitantly迟疑地、踌躇地：B.randomly随机地：C.dizzily头晕眼花地：D.carefully小心地、谨慎地。根据后面的“to ensure their safety from the bitter cold..”可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，carefully符合语境。故选D项。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来。A.agy生气的、愤怒的：B.absent缺席的、不在的：C.special特殊的、特别的：D.noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的“He had beendropped off at school late and was4 to open the door.”可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处absent符合语境。故选B项【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门。A.courageous勇敢的：B.content满足的、满意的：C.unable无法胜任的、不会的：D.unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wooden door..”和下文的“He must have been waiting there for quite a while!”可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不开门”，unable符合语境。故选C项【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了。A.recover恢复、康复：B.play第2页」共21页玩闹、戏弄：C.change改变：D.wait等待。根据前面的“He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知，小男孩手冻伤了，所以需要时间恢复，此处recover符合语境。故选A项。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A.ste解决、定居：B.gather聚集、召集；C.arrive到达：D.react反